Mariam Andreasyan
Home in Shushi, Children of the Church, “Car counting” game, War and Homecoming to Artsakh
Mariam Andreasyan is registered in a building that no longer exists. The address is Ghazanchetsots 72 apartment 8. If you have ever visited Shushi, you might have seen the Mariam building. It was directly in front of Ghazanchetsots Holy Savior Cathedral.

“From one balcony you can see the Ghazanchetsots church, from the other - Kanach Zham. You are a gifted person,” said a stranger who met Mariam in the yard when she was a teenager. These words remained in her memory.

When leaving Yerevan to Artsakh, we were looking for gifted people with that meaning. People who grew up under the gaze of Ghazanchetsots church.
“Tourists came, the guides told about the Ghazanchetsots church. And we, the children of the church, were mostly in that area, we were socializing.”

chapter 1

Meeting with Shushi

We met Mariam Andreasyan in Stepanakert. The capital of Artsakh is now one of the destinations where the people from Shushi moved after the war.

“I was born in Shushi. My mother and father are not from Shushi. Mom from Gyumri, after the earthquake in 1988, decided to move to Artsakh. My father, having returned from the army, again decides that he should be in Shushi in the 80s. There was a war, at the end of 1994, mom and dad got married, in 1995 I was born.

Later the family moved to Gyumri. Mariam went to school, and in the early 2000s they returned with the idea of not leaving Shushi.
We ask Mariam, who grew up there, what was different about Shushi? And for her, Shushi was not a cloudy city, it was an ordinary place of residence with its own everyday life and routine.
Along with Shushi, Mariam also grew up, witnessing its post-war years, the increase in population and the revival of the city.

She tells how she played a game with her brothers, counting how many cars pass on their street. At first there were several ones, then new events, weddings and luxury cars came up.
According to Mariam, most of the inhabitants of Shushi, as in other cities, were burdened with everyday affairs and cared little about making the city alive. But there were individuals who came to Shushi, organized cultural centers, entertainment places, camps, cultural education…

“During my school years, until 2012, 2013, 2015, there was little cultural life in Shushi. Because people thought about how to earn a living. Then I remember that Shushi became more cultural."

Mariam enumerates: Varanda Choir, Narekatsi Art Union, Artsakh Ministry of Culture moved to Shushi, vocational colleges and other "colorizing" centers.
CHAPTER 2
War and loss
Mariam says, the war threw us back in history. "for several years, if not for 30-40 years." We lost cultural Shushi.

Not having finished the war yet, the Azerbaijanis began a process that, in their opinion, should perpetuate the loss of Shushi to the Armenians.
Mariam feels sad both for the cultural values of her home and for the cultural institutions of the city. She notes that at least during the war, the state authorities had to take the cultural heritage of Shushi outside the city. Even if the city had not been captured, these samples could have been damaged.

Mariam says that they also had an icon in their house. Her mother found that after the First (Artsakh) war, in ruins. Experts said it could be the 8th or 9th century. They were looking for honest people who could place it in museums but the icon was also left at an address that no longer exists, at their home in Shushi.
Most of the inhabitants of Shushi, like Mariam herself, did not manage to take anything not only cultural, but also personal. She left the city with great difficulty only after her family members insisted on it.

She tells that on the first day of the war, they took refuge in the Ghazanchetsots Cathedral. They thought that the Azerbaijanis would not attack the church…
Days later, strange people come to the church, "to take measurements". After that, with doubt in their hearts, the family moves to another place for shelter. Mariam no longer goes to Shushi's apartment.

On the tenth day of the war, they come to their building, the mother asks to take the documents from the house so that she can leave.
Last time

“I said that I didn’t have to go up, and with the thought that I was going upstairs to get something to get out [of the city]. Mom got up, took the documents, gаve them to me, and we left. And that was the last time I didn't go home."

“Many people left on the very first day, which was probably fatal in terms of the surrender of Shushi.

If the population had remained, I think this would not have happened.”
CHAPTER 3
New life, old values
After her “forced” departure from Shushi, Mariam spent a period of internal unrest in Gyumri, Yerevan, trying to restore herself emotionally through educational and cultural activities.

But even now Mariam continues to blame herself. Not because she didn't go up to the house "for the last time". She thinks that if the population had remained, the outcome of the war might have been different.
Mariam Andreasyan has been living in Stepanakert for more than a year. She says it was hard for him at the beginning because she couldn't accept that people were living their daily lives again without rethinking everything.
Loving the new city

"But then I began to understand that everything is the same... Of course, it would be wonderful if everything changed after the war, values would have a greater place than material things. But in any case, when I realized all that, I started to love and enjoy doing the work that I do, and to love the city that I have now."

Now Mariam teaches national dances in Artsakh, mainly in the regions, in addition, she is also engaged in social activities.
"... When I realized all that, I started to love and enjoy doing the work that I do, and to love the city that I have now."
CHAPTER 4
Cultural losses of Shushi
More than 5 museums of Sushi
Some of the museums have been operating in Shushi since the beginning of 2010s. A part of them, which was state-owned, was united in "Shushi Museums" non-commercial state organization since 2012.

  • Shushi City History Museum,
  • Shushi State Museum of Fine Arts,
  • Shushi Geological State Museum (Museum of Stones),
  • Shushi's gallery

In addition to them, there were other museums and private collections, the number of which is not final. Among them:

  • Museum of Coins (supported by the Central Bank of the Republic of Armenia),
  • Carpet Museum and others.
Lernik Hovhannisyan, Deputy Minister of Education, Science, Culture and Sports of Artsakh, states that they are now checking what exhibits of state museums and private collections have remained under Azerbaijani control.
"Basically, we managed to get out of Shushi the collection of the Carpet Museum, what was on exhibition. There were also private collections, for example, Samvel Tavadyan's painting collection. There were also other house-museums, such as Dushman Vardan's house-museum."
On May 30, a state council was formed to list all the tangible and intangible cultural heritage that remained in the occupied territories.

According to Hovhannisyan, since there is no access to the territories under the control of Azerbaijan, it is also impossible to find out the destiny of the collections. They get such information only from publications on social networks.
Vardan Astsatryan, the founder of the Shushi Carpet Museum, learned from such posts on social networks that the carpets of the museum's reserve, non exhibiting fund were looted by the first Azerbaijani groups that entered Shushi in the last days of the war and after the ceasefire.
“It was the last days of the war, it was already clear that [Azerbaijani troops] were coming to Shushi, that there was a danger. That day, a missile exploded near the museum, completely breaking the doors and windows.”
Astsatryan says that he applied to the Ministry of Culture of Artsakh with a request to provide a car to rescue the carpets. He doesn’t remember exactly whether it was at the end of October or at the beginning of November that only those carpets that were on exhibition at that moment were taken out and preserved.

The next day the collection of paintings was also taken out, but the carpets from the reserve fund have not been rescued.
About two months before the war, I wanted to add exhibits. There were about 80 carpets on exhibition, almost that many pieces I brought for replacement. About 200 carpets were in the fund and 80 in the museum, almost the same number as I brought from the fund to the museum. Turns out, we didn't manage to rescue about 120 pieces remaining in the fund.
In total, about 160-170 pieces of carpets, about 30 pieces of pottery, bronze items dating back to the BC period were taken out etc. Many medieval exhibits remained in Shushi.
“There is a video of Azerbaijanis robbing our fund. On the first and second day, I know that they took out our carpets, hung them on the floor and walls of the mosque, and performed Salah. But then they took it again.”
Shushi's salvaged carpets were temporarily displayed in the National Museum of Architecture named after Alexander Tamanyan in Yerevan. Then they were stored in the warehouse of the same museum. However, according to Astsatryan, carpets should not be stored for a long time, they may deteriorate due to moisture or moths.

According to Astsatryan, later there were discussions on an exhibition together with other carpets in the History Museum of Armenia, but he did not agree, as he considers the mixed exhibition with other carpets is wrong.
Lusine Gharakhanyan headed the Artsakh Ministry of Culture during the war. Now she is an advisor to the President of Artsakh. She tells that when Hadrut fell, they took steps to bring out the exhibits from museums. First of all, the most valuable exhibits of the Stepanakert historical-geological museum,Tigranakert museum, and some valuable items from the Keren burial ground were brought out.

According to Garakhanyan, disagreements arose in the case of the Shushi museums. The museum management at first thought that the samples were safe in Shushi, and when the battles were already close, they said that they were afraid to move the exhibits. At the same time, the exhibits of the Museum of Stones and the Museum of Fine Arts were collected and stored in basements and warehouses for transportation in case of possibility.
There were hidden exhibits, right, because they didn’t believe that their fate was…,” Karakhanyan sighs.
Lusine Gasparyan, who was head of Shushi Museums non-commercial state organization presents some information about the collections of Shushi museums left to Azerbaijanis. According to her, except for the Museum of Carpets, the exhibits of other museums were not taken out.
"Nothing was taken out of the museums. On the Armenian side, approximately 100 works of fine art remained, which before the war were temporarily exhibited in Stepanakert and the villages. Now we have collected them, and a new museum of fine arts is going to be opened again in Stepanakert on that fund," Gasparyan notes.
It turns out that everything that was in Shushi remained under the control of the Azerbaijanis, no evacuation was carried out. According to Gasparyan, most of the exhibits of all Shushi museums were collected, transported to the bomb shelter of the Museum of Fine Arts and left there packed.

Locations of Shushi museums

As a result of war operations, the building of the Shushi State Geological Museum (Stone Museum) was completely destroyed. And the building of the Shushi City History Museum was significantly damaged.

The collections of these two, as well as the Shushi State Museum of Fine Arts, were stored and not taken out of the city.
After the war, the authorities of Artsakh had an intention to at least exchange cultural works: to transfer to Baku the Azerbaijani paintings that remained in Artsakh after the first war, and receive the Armenian paintings that remained in the museums of Shushi.

Lusine Gharakhanyan says that they tried to propose and implement it through Russian peacekeepers.
"We said, maybe you would like to make an exchange?" They said no... In fact, they were not even interested in what kind of works, what authors they were. A representative of the peacekeepers came and told: “Nothing works, the Baku authorities reject any of our cooperation related to culture,” says Garakhanyan.
According to Gharakhanyan, there were also single works of Saryan, Garzu and Zhansem, as well as other works, in the Shushi Museum of Fine Arts. Gharakhanyan does not know what happened to them. There are rumors, but no facts.

The fate of the Sculpture Park, opened in front of the museum, is also unknown. According to Garakhanyan, it is likely that the Azerbaijanis simply threw these sculptures into the canyon in order to free the territory.
Shushi Museum of Fine Arts Building and Sculpture Park (August 2016)
September 2020

Shushi Museum of Fine Arts Building and Sculpture Park (on the left): The sculptures are also visible on the satellite imagery.
September 2021

The Azerbaijanis "cleaned up" the territory, removing the Park of Sculptures and leaving construction debris nearby. More recent satellite imagery is not available at the moment.

Demolished address of Shushi

The war unleashed by Azerbaijan in 2020 actually stopped with the fall of Shushi.
Having captured Shushi, the Azerbaijanis set out to destroy the Armenian heritage of the city, both by forgery and physically.

The building, located at 72 Ghazanchetsot Street, right in front of the church, was one of the buildings destroyed by the Azerbaijanis. The former residents of the building present the Shushi they know through their stories.

You can see other stories of the project below:
Service in Ghazanchetsots, service in the war and on the front line, service in Stepanakert Cathedral
Passing by Shushi and not entering the home, the desire and impossibility to get back
The big family of the "church-shelter", the "boom-boom" UAV, loss, displacement, waiting for the homecoming
Garik Harutyunyan, Narek Martirosyan and Hayk Khachikyan are the authors of the project.
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